After the earthquake a city reconstruction plan was formulated, but because the projected costs exceeded the national budget only a small part of it was realized. Beginning shortly after the Great Kanto Earthquake, the Showa era started in a mood of gloom. By the resident population of Tokyo had grown to 6. However, the Pacific War, which broke out in , had a great impact on Tokyo.
The dual administrative system of Tokyo-fu prefecture and Tokyo-shi city was abolished for war-time efficiency, and the prefecture and city were merged to form the Metropolis of Tokyo in The metropolitan administrative system was thus established and a governor was appointed. In the final phase of the war, Tokyo was bombed times.
The heaviest air raid was on March 10, , in which there was great loss of life and material damage. The war came to an end on September 2, , when the Japanese government and military representatives signed the Instrument of Surrender.
Much of Tokyo had been laid waste by the bombings and by October the population had fallen to 3. In August of that year, the present 23 special-ward system began in Tokyo Metropolis. The s were a time of gradual recovery for the nation. Television broadcasting began in , and Japan joined the United Nations in Economic recovery was aided in particular by the special procurement boom arising from the outbreak of the Korean War in Due to technological innovations and the introduction of new industries and technologies, this period saw the beginning of mass production of synthetic fibers and household electric appliances such as televisions, refrigerators, and washing machines.
As a result, the everyday lives of the residents of Tokyo underwent considerable transformation. In the population of Tokyo broke the 10 million mark. Entering the s, the strain of rapid economic growth became apparent as the country was beset by environmental issues such as pollution of the air and rivers, as well as high levels of noise.
The Oil Crisis of brought the many years of rapid economic growth to a halt. In the s, Tokyo took large steps in economic growth as a result of its increasingly global economic activity and the emergence of the information society. Japan enjoyed tremendous growth under the bubble economy, but with the burst of the bubble at the beginning of the s, sinking tax revenues caused by the protracted economic slump led to a critical state in metropolitan finances.
Tokyo was, however, able to overcome this financial crisis through two successive fiscal reconstruction programs. The population also started returning to Tokyo, and in , in-migration exceeded out-migration for the first time in 12 years. Using the experiences gained from this disaster, Tokyo is devoting efforts to further strengthening its crisis management system.
To make the Games the best ever and leave valuable legacies for the future, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government is working to advance both tangible and intangible initiatives including infrastructure upgrades, measures for the environment, and the promotion of culture. Copyright C Tokyo Metropolitan Government.
Skip to main content of this page. Meiji and his forces took over Edo. Emperor Meiji also made Tokyo the capital. Remember, Tokyo or Edo was considered the national capital before becoming the official Japanese capital. If the lengthy background of Japan as covered above has inspired you, then you might feel like booking a trip with a historical bent.
Can you see the kinds of places in Tokyo and Kyoto that carved and shaped what Japan has become today? As I mentioned in the earlier sections, yes, some of them. Others were destroyed by war or natural disasters. Toyotomi Hideyoshi, whose name came up already, used the space to retire once his samurai days ended. The original existed in , but the one you can see today was built in as a replica.
Kyoto has its fair share of Buddhist temples as well, such as the Nanzen-ji Temple. Today, you can just look at the aqueduct, but at the time, it served a major purpose. It allowed Kyoto residents to get to Shiga Prefecture via Lake Biwa, passing items and even water along the aqueduct. Emperor Uda founded this five-story wonder, which will leave your jaw on the floor. Despite its name as a temple, Enrakyu-ji Temple actually operates as a monastery. Another temple that gives the Enryaku-ji a run for its money is To-ji Temple.
Built more than 1, years back, it has five stories as well. In its early days, it was used as a guardian temple. Away from the hustle and bustle of Tokyo, the Kagurazaka District promises excitement for those looking for a real-life history lesson.
This district became a standout during the Edo period, offering entertainment to residents of the area. Today, you can see geisha houses from that same period.
Built in , Empress Dowager and Emperor Meiji both get honored here. The forest that surrounds the shrine makes for a nice reprieve from all the city streets of Tokyo.
Back in the 17 th century, this was a villa belonging to the Tokugawa empire. A short walk from Tokyo Tower, Zoji-ji Temple has been around since As you pay your respects at the temple, you can see the tower lingering in the background.
To truly immerse yourself in Japanese history, spend a few hours or an afternoon in Asakusa. This older part of Tokyo houses the Senso-ji Temple. Around for roughly 1, years, the temple remains a stark reminder of older days despite its proximity to Tokyo Skytree. Through major changes throughout Japan, Tokyo eventually became the capital and remains such to this day.
Before that, it was referred to as a national capital. Both major cities have long and storied histories, including former names, invasions, and even wars and natural disasters. You can take in some of that history yourself by checking out the shrines, temples, and landmarks I featured in this article. I sincerely hope you do! Originally getting their start in Taiwan, Japan took the idea of You have no doubt in your mind that you want to visit Tokyo. One of the largest losses of life occurred near the Sumida River, as more than 44, Tokyo residents took shelter there from encroaching flames.
Late that afternoon, a foot-tall ball of fire engulfed the area, killing all but of those gathered. The rumors were unfounded, but that did little to stop a massive wave of reprisal killings—upwards of 5, Koreans were massacred in the days following the earthquake.
The Allied bombing of Tokyo was just as destructive as that of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Aerial attacks intensified in late following the Allied capture of Pacific islands that put them and the new, highly advanced B bomber in striking distance of Tokyo.
In the following months, the Allies began a devastating series of nighttime firebombing raids, culminating in Operation Meetinghouse, when more than 2, tons of incendiary bombs were dropped over Tokyo in just 48 hours, destroying 16 square miles around the city and killing between 80, and , It remains the single most destructive bombing raid in history. Japan is home to the oldest monarchy in the world.
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